What defines a short circuit?

A short circuit occurs when electrical current flows through an unintended path, bypassing the normal load of the circuit. This unintended path typically has very low resistance, which can lead to a high amount of current flowing through it. This situation can cause overheating, sparks, or even fire hazards due to the excessive current.

The normal operation of a circuit is disrupted in a short circuit, making it a significant safety concern in electrical systems. By focusing on the unintended nature of the path that the current takes, this answer emphasizes the key aspect of what differentiates a short circuit from regular operation.

Understanding this concept is crucial for recognizing how to prevent short circuits in electrical systems and to ensure safe electrical practices.