Which best describes an electric circuit?

An electric circuit is best described as a closed loop allowing current to flow from a power source to a load. In an electric circuit, a power source, such as a battery or generator, provides the electrical energy needed to drive the current. This current then flows through conductors (wires) to a load, which can be any device or component that consumes electrical energy, such as a light bulb, motor, or resistor. The loop must be closed for the circuit to function properly; if there is a break or open circuit, the flow of current is interrupted, and the load cannot operate.

The other descriptions do not accurately represent what an electric circuit is. For instance, a device that converts electrical energy into heat describes a component, like a resistor or heater, rather than a circuit itself. An open path for current to flow freely is misleading, as circuits need to be closed loops; if the path is open, current cannot circulate. Lastly, a method of storing electrical energy refers to devices like batteries or capacitors, which are essential components of circuits, but they do not define the circuit as a concept.